Accepted 19 October 2026

A longitudinal study of 98 engineering students examines advice-seeking ties to instructors, within laboratory groups and across groups. Instructor and within-group ties are stronger, while cross-group ties are more numerous but weaker. Self-efficacy is associated with selective advice-seeking.
Figure: Advice-seeking networks before and after the semester for four laboratory sessions. De Ruyt, Stari, Pulgar, Ramirez and Candia, accepted manuscript (2026), Figure 1.